A construction worker washes his hands and face at the end of his working shift in Al Farwaniyah, Kuwait, August 8, 2024. © 2024 Johannes Sadek/picture-alliance/dpa/AP Photo

KUWAIT CITY, June 17: Kuwaiti authorities have announced that, starting July 2025, all migrant workers will be required to obtain permission from their employers before leaving the country. Workers must submit a departure request via the Ministry of Interior’s “Ashal” online portal or “Sahel” smartphone app, specifying intended dates of departure and return.

This new policy marks a troubling reinforcement of Kuwait’s controversial kafala (visa sponsorship) system, rather than its dismantling. Human rights advocates warn that it deepens the control employers hold over migrant workers, increasing their vulnerability to exploitation and abuse.

Contrary to official claims that the exit permit balances the interests of employers and workers, critics argue that it grants employers disproportionate power to restrict workers’ movements. Already restricted by passport confiscation and threats of false absconding charges, migrant workers now face an additional barrier to freedom of movement.

Previously, Kuwaiti law required government permission only if a worker intended to stay abroad for more than six months. The new rule mandates employer approval for any departure, regardless of duration, potentially enabling employers to prevent workers from returning to their home countries arbitrarily.

While workers can theoretically appeal unjust travel denials through the Public Authority for Manpower, many fear retaliation or lack awareness and access to such channels—especially those in low-wage positions.

Human rights experts note that Kuwait’s exit visa requirement violates international law, which guarantees the right to leave and return to one’s country, except under narrowly defined circumstances like criminal investigations.

Observers call on Kuwaiti authorities to repeal the exit permit mandate immediately and to take genuine steps toward fully abolishing the kafala system to protect migrant workers’ rights.

By Micheal Page
HRW Deputy Director for Middle East and North Africa Division

For more details visit Human Rights Watch